Project Uses Light Signals to Provide High-speed Internet
2021-09-23
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1A project by Google's parent company Alphabet has successfully used light beams to send high-speed internet signals across communities in India and Africa.
2The latest project is one of several that aims to provide internet services to underserved, rural areas around the world.
3Another, run by SpaceX chief Elon Musk, uses thousands of satellites to provide internet access worldwide.
4Social media service Facebook has also looked at bringing high-speed internet to rural communities.
5One of its possible solutions involves aircraft-based systems to beam internet signals to the ground.
6In developed countries, high-speed internet access is provided by fiber-optic cables.
7In fiber-optic systems, light signals are carried over long distances using fibers covered by cables.
8These systems are highly effective, but they can be extremely costly and require major deployment operations.
9For this reason, many parts of the world -- especially rural and underdeveloped areas -- are not able to build and operate fiber-optic networks.
10The process can also be costly and complex in some city environments as well.
11This prevents millions of people across the world from having access to the internet and all that it offers.
12The new system being tested in India and Africa offers a partial solution to this problem.
13It was developed by Alphabet's X development team, also known as the "moonshot factory."
14Like fiber-optics, the system uses light to carry high-speed internet signals.
15But the light travels as beams through the air, without the need for fiber or cables.
16The beams can transmit high-speed data between two points with the help of receiving devices attached to structures.
17The technology is called Free Space Optical Communications (FSOC).
18The project is called Taara.
19The idea for it came out of another Alphabet project called Loon.
20Loon aimed to use high-flying balloons to transmit internet signals to underserved areas on the ground.
21But after major research, development and testing, Alphabet announced in January that it could not make Loon successful and was ending the project.
22The Loon team, however, had looked at the use of FSOC technology to create data links between balloons flying in the air.
23The Taara team built on this development and created a version of the system to operate on the ground.
24Taara's latest project used an FSOC system to transmit high-speed data signals between two large African cities.
25The two cities are Brazzaville, in the Republic of the Congo, and Kinshasa, in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
26The two cities are only 4.8 kilometers apart, separated by the Congo River.
27But Taara said in a statement that high-speed internet access is five times costlier in Kinshasa because the fiber connection has to travel more than 400 kilometers around the river.
28The transmission of data signals is possible as long as there is a direct line of sight between the system's receiving devices.
29The system can be affected by some kinds of weather, such as heavy fog, or by birds or other animals getting close to the equipment.
30But the Taara team says it has already made progress in getting the system to adjust to such environments to avoid any service outages.
31After deploying its "pointing and tracking" equipment to beam connectivity across the river, Taara said the link provided nearly 700 terabytes of data in 20 days with 99.9 percent availability.
32It noted that that amount of data would be equal to watching a FIFA World Cup match in high-definition (HD) 270,000 times.
33Baris Erkmen is the director of engineering for Taara, which has reported similar results in tests of the system in India.
34He said the team admits that it cannot expect to see "perfect reliability" in the system through all kinds of weather and conditions.
35However, he added: "We're confident Taara's links will continue to deliver similar performance and will play a key role in bringing faster, more affordable connectivity to the 17 million people living in these cities.
36I'm Bryan Lynn.
1A project by Google's parent company Alphabet has successfully used light beams to send high-speed internet signals across communities in India and Africa. 2The latest project is one of several that aims to provide internet services to underserved, rural areas around the world. 3Another, run by SpaceX chief Elon Musk, uses thousands of satellites to provide internet access worldwide. Social media service Facebook has also looked at bringing high-speed internet to rural communities. One of its possible solutions involves aircraft-based systems to beam internet signals to the ground. 4In developed countries, high-speed internet access is provided by fiber-optic cables. In fiber-optic systems, light signals are carried over long distances using fibers covered by cables. These systems are highly effective, but they can be extremely costly and require major deployment operations. 5For this reason, many parts of the world -- especially rural and underdeveloped areas -- are not able to build and operate fiber-optic networks. The process can also be costly and complex in some city environments as well. This prevents millions of people across the world from having access to the internet and all that it offers. 6The new system being tested in India and Africa offers a partial solution to this problem. It was developed by Alphabet's X development team, also known as the "moonshot factory." 7Like fiber-optics, the system uses light to carry high-speed internet signals. But the light travels as beams through the air, without the need for fiber or cables. The beams can transmit high-speed data between two points with the help of receiving devices attached to structures. The technology is called Free Space Optical Communications (FSOC). 8The project is called Taara. The idea for it came out of another Alphabet project called Loon. Loon aimed to use high-flying balloons to transmit internet signals to underserved areas on the ground. But after major research, development and testing, Alphabet announced in January that it could not make Loon successful and was ending the project. 9The Loon team, however, had looked at the use of FSOC technology to create data links between balloons flying in the air. The Taara team built on this development and created a version of the system to operate on the ground. 10Taara's latest project used an FSOC system to transmit high-speed data signals between two large African cities. The two cities are Brazzaville, in the Republic of the Congo, and Kinshasa, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. 11The two cities are only 4.8 kilometers apart, separated by the Congo River. But Taara said in a statement that high-speed internet access is five times costlier in Kinshasa because the fiber connection has to travel more than 400 kilometers around the river. The transmission of data signals is possible as long as there is a direct line of sight between the system's receiving devices. 12The system can be affected by some kinds of weather, such as heavy fog, or by birds or other animals getting close to the equipment. But the Taara team says it has already made progress in getting the system to adjust to such environments to avoid any service outages. 13After deploying its "pointing and tracking" equipment to beam connectivity across the river, Taara said the link provided nearly 700 terabytes of data in 20 days with 99.9 percent availability. It noted that that amount of data would be equal to watching a FIFA World Cup match in high-definition (HD) 270,000 times. 14Baris Erkmen is the director of engineering for Taara, which has reported similar results in tests of the system in India. He said the team admits that it cannot expect to see "perfect reliability" in the system through all kinds of weather and conditions. 15However, he added: "We're confident Taara's links will continue to deliver similar performance and will play a key role in bringing faster, more affordable connectivity to the 17 million people living in these cities. 16I'm Bryan Lynn. 17Bryan Lynn wrote this story, based on reports from Alphabet and Agence France-Presse. Hai Do was the editor. 18We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments section, and visit our Facebook page. 19______________________________________________ 20Words in This Story 21beam - n. a line of light shining from something 22access - n. the right or ability to approach, enter or use 23cable - n. a wire covered by plastic that carries electricity, telephone or data signals 24fiber - n. a piece of a structure or object that resembles a thread 25transmit - v. to send out signals 26adjust - v. to change something slightly so that it works better 27track - v. to record the progress or development of something over a period 28reliable - adj. able to be trusted or believed 29affordable - adj. reasonable priced and able to be bought by most people